Fix apt command
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x="182.77737"
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y="170.53987"
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id="tspan6454">- commandes systèmes (reboot, extinctions, clign.)</tspan><tspan
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id="tspan6454">- commandes systèmes (reboot, extinction, clign.)</tspan><tspan
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x="182.77737"
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y="177.96199"
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id="tspan6470">- synchro fichiers config, medias</tspan><tspan
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id="tspan464">- synchro fichiers config, medias via http_upload</tspan><tspan
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x="182.77737"
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y="189.57613">(rsync ?) : </tspan><tspan
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y="189.57613">rsync, scp : </tspan><tspan
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Before Width: | Height: | Size: 24 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 24 KiB |
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@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ fi
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REMOTE_MEDIA_DIR="$ROOTFS_MOUNT/home/$PI_USER/Videos"
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# WIFI AP config
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IP_RANGE="10.42.0.1"
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SSID="omen"
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PASSWD="EpQmSmXH123"
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SSID="foo"
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PASSWD="bar"
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IFW="wlo1"
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#Band (bg = 2.4Ghz, a= 5Ghz)
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BAND="bg"
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311
prepa_rpios.md
311
prepa_rpios.md
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@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ echo 'options brcmfmac roamoff=1 feature_disable=0x82000' | sudo tee /etc/modpro
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Ajouter les lignes suivantes au fichier `/boot/config.txt` :
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```
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#hdmi_force_hotplug=1
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#hdmi_drive=2
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# Forcer HDMI Full HD
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hdmi_group=1
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hdmi_mode=16 # fullHD@60
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@ -176,9 +180,11 @@ echo -e "
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## Limiter le nombre de paquets installés par APT
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```
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echo -e "APT::Get::Install-Recommends "false";\nAPT::Get::Install-Suggests "false";" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/apt.conf
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echo -e 'APT::Install-Suggests "0";\nAPT::Install-Recommends "0";' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/80noclutter
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```
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## Rendre le démarrage du RPI complètement silencieux (écran noir)
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### cmdline.txt
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@ -186,7 +192,7 @@ echo -e "APT::Get::Install-Recommends "false";\nAPT::Get::Install-Suggests "fals
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Editer le fichier `/boot/cmdline.txt` et ajouter les options suivantes à la fin de la première ligne:
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```
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console=tty3 loglevel=3 vt.global_cursor_default=0 logo.nologo consoleblank=1
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console=tty3 loglevel=3 vt.global_cursor_default=0 logo.nologo quiet consoleblank=1
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```
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### Login silencieux
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@ -674,3 +680,304 @@ sudo dkms install -m rtl8821cu -v 5.12.0 -k $kernel_version # rtl8192eu/1.0
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# The module should loaded automatically but just if needed...
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sudo modprobe 8821cu # 8192eu
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```
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## Udev & systemd - Running a graphic environment when a USB device is plugged in
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## Summary :
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At a GNU/Linux console prompt, no GUI.
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When a USB device of type [HID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_interface_device) (keyboard/mouse mainly) is plugged in, we want the X server to start and launch VLC's graphical interface, fullscreen, no borders.
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When this device is removed, VLC is shut down and the X server too, and we end up back at the console prompt.
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### Proposed solution:
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1. [Udev](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Udev) rules are triggered when the USB device is plugged/unplugged to create a file in '/tmp' named '.vlc_gui'.
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2. A systemd [user](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Systemd/User) service starts a script on startup.
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3. This script uses [inotifywait](https://man.archlinux.org/man/inotifywait.1) to monitor a file's creation/deletion in the '/tmp' folder, and act accordingly;
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4. Start/close a minimal graphical environment with [openbox](http://openbox.org/) running [VLC](https://videolan.org).
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## 1. Udev configuration
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### Run script on USB HID (mouse/kb) connect
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We want a rule that triggers when a device has SUBSYSTEM=="usb" and DRIVER=="usbhid".
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In '/etc/udev/rules.d/01-vlc_gui.rules' :
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```
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# On plug
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ACTION=="add" SUBSYSTEM=="usb", DRIVER=="usbhid", RUN+="/usr/bin/touch /tmp/.vlc_gui"
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# On un-plug
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ACTION=="remove" SUBSYSTEM=="usb", RUN+="/usr/bin/rm -f /tmp/.vlc_gui"
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```
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The rules above create a '.vlc_gui' file in '/tmp' when a usbhid device is plugged in, and removes it when unplugged.
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### Change read permissions on tty7
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By default, permissions on '/dev/tty*' are 0620 (`crw--w----`). So members of group `tty` can write, but not read to ttys.
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This will be a problem for the X server, so we need to change those permissions to have read writes for our group too.
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Let's change the permissions on the tty that we need to 0660 (`crw-rw----`) so that we can run our X session on it.
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Inspect how udev sees your TTY (tty7 here):
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`udevadm info --attribute-walk --path=/sys/class/tty/tty7`
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```
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looking at device '/devices/virtual/tty/tty7':
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KERNEL=="tty7"
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SUBSYSTEM=="tty"
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DRIVER==""
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ATTR{power/control}=="auto"
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ATTR{power/runtime_active_time}=="0"
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ATTR{power/runtime_status}=="unsupported"
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ATTR{power/runtime_suspended_time}=="0
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```
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So we want a rule that matches 'KERNEL=="tty7"' and 'SUBSYSTEM=="tty"' and set it to mode '0660':
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`SUBSYSTEM=="tty", KERNEL=="tty7", MODE:="0660"`
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Notice the [immutable operator](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/udev.html#Operators) ":=" for "MODE"; it makes shure this won't be changed by another rule.
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[Udev rules order read](https://forums.opensuse.org/t/udev-rules-priority-disallow-change-by-other-rules-with-operator/100210)
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Test which rules are triggered by a specific device with :
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`udevadm test /class/tty/tty7`
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Reload and apply the new rules with :
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```
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udevadm control --reload-rules
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udevadm trigger
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```
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Of course, don't forget to add your user to the 'tty' group :
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`sudo adduser USERNAME tty`
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On some system, you might have to use usermod :
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`sudo usermod -a -G tty USERNAME`
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then log out/in and check with `groups` that 'tty' appears in the listed groups.
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## 2. Systemd user unit
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We can create [user units](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/systemd/User) in '~/.config/systemd/user/', e.g :
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`nano ~/.config/systemd/user/vlc_gui.service`
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```yaml
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[Unit]
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Description=VLC GUI launcher service
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[Service]
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# %h specifier resolves to user home (~ equivalent)
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ExecStart="%h"/vlc_gui.sh
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Restart=always
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[Install]
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WantedBy=default.target
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```
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Reload the units with `systemctl --user daemon-reload`
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and start/enable the service with
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`systemctl --user start vlc_gui.service` / `systemctl --user enable vlc_gui.service`.
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More about systemd specifiers:
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[https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html#Specifiers](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html#Specifiers)
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### Starting a user unit as root
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If running [systemd version >= 248 (2021-03)](https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/28795f2c138203fb700fc394f0937708af886116/NEWS#L2809), you can [start a user unit as root](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemctl.html#-M), i.e ;
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using `sudo systemctl` or in a root shell, with e.g:
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`sudo systemctl --user --machine USERNAME@ start foo.service`
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On prior versions, you have to use either
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`su - USERNAME -c 'systemctl --user start foo.service'` or
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`runuser -l USERNAME -c 'systemctl --user start foo.service'` instead.
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## 3. inotifywait : watch for a file's creation/deletion
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### Install the tool :
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`sudo apt-get install inotify-tools`
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### Create the script :
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In '~/vlc_gui.sh' :
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```bash
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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inotifywait -m /tmp -e create -e delete |
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while read directory action file; do
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if [[ "$file" == ".vlc_gui" ]]; then
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if [[ "$action" == "CREATE" ]]; then
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echo "Starting VLC GUI."
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# Start X environment on tty7
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DISPLAY=:0 startx -- vt7 &
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elif [[ "$action" == "DELETE" ]]; then
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echo "Killing VLC GUI"
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pkill vlc
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fi
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fi
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done
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```
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Don't forget to set execution bit : `sudo chmod +x ~/vlc_gui.sh`
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## 4. Minimal X environment & Launching VLC
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Install the following packages :
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`sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests xinit xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-evdev xserver-xorg-input-kbd openbox feh`
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### Xinit config
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We start the X environment with `startx`, which sources "~/.xinitrc".
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Let's start openbox session there.
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`cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ~/.xinitrc`
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Then in "~/.xinitrc" :
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```bash
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#!/bin/sh
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# /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
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#
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# global xinitrc file, used by all X sessions started by xinit (startx)
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# invoke global X session script
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. /etc/X11/Xsession
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exec openbox-session
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```
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Set execution bit :
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`sudo chmod +x ~/.xinitrc`
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### Openbox configuration
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Now Openbox config files are in '~/.config/openbox' and there are two of them :
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#### autostart.sh
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In '~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh' :
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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# Exit openbox when VLC is closed
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vlc --vout=gles2 && openbox --exit
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# on rpi with 3d kms driver, can be --vout=drm_vout
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```
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Set execution bit :
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`sudo chmod +x ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh`
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#### rc.xml
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`cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/`
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We want the VLC gui launching fullscreen, with no window decoration.
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In openbox's [<applications\>](http://openbox.org/wiki/Help:Applications) section of '~/.config/openbox/rc.xml', l.656, add:
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```markup
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<application name="vlc" role="vlc-main">
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<decor>no</decor>
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<maximized>yes</maximized>
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</application>
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```
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## Troubleshooting
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### Udev rules
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You can increase udev's log verbosity with `sudo udevadm control --log-priority=debug`
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then run `journalctl -f` to see if an error message comes up when plugging/unplugging the USB HID.
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### Xserver
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You can see what's going on by launching `journalctl -f` in a SSH session, then plug/unplug the USB HID.
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If you encounter an error with the X server complaining about permission to tty7 like this
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```
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(EE) xf86OpenConsole: Cannot open virtual console 7 (Permission denied)
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```
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try rebooting.
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### Slow mouse cursor
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If you experience laggy mouse cursor movements, you can try adding `usbhid.mousepoll=0` to '/boot/cmdline.txt'.
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Other values you might want to try are :
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| value | speed |
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| :-: | :-: |
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| 0 | device request |
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| X | 1000/X Hz |
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source: [https://peppe8o.com/fixing-slow-mouse-with-raspberry-pi-os/](https://peppe8o.com/fixing-slow-mouse-with-raspberry-pi-os/)
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## Systemd unit : run unit every X seconds with timer
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/etc/systemd/system/nvlc.service
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/etc/systemd/system/nvlc.timer
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In '.config/systemd/user/nvlc.service' :
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```
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[Unit]
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Description=VLC Ncurse UI service
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[Service]
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Type=oneshot
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#User=pil
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WorkingDirectory=/home/pil/
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ExecStart=/home/pil/vlc_gui.sh
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#ExecStart=/usr/bin/nvlc -I ncurses --no-osd --file-caching=5000
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[Install]
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WantedBy=default.target
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```
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In '.config/systemd/user/nvlc.timer' :
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```[Unit]
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Description=NVLC test
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[Timer]
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OnUnitActiveSec=10s
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OnBootSec=10s
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[Install]
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WantedBy=timers.target
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```
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then to start timer :
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```
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systemctl --user start nvlc.timer
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```
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list timers :
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```
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systemctl --user list-timers --all
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```
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## Timedate
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To sync time/date , add dns to '/etc/resolv.conf', then
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```
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sudo timedatectl
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```
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systemd unit :
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```
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systemctl status systemd-timesyncd
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```
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